|
}} The Inertial Upper Stage (IUS), originally designated the Interim Upper Stage, was a two-stage solid-fueled rocket upper stage developed by Boeing for the United States Air Force beginning in 1976 for raising payloads from low Earth orbit to higher orbits or interplanetary trajectories following launch aboard a Titan 34D or Titan IV rocket, or from the payload bay of the Space Shuttle. ==Development== During the development of the Space Shuttle, NASA, with support from the Air Force, wanted an upper stage that could be used on the Shuttle to deliver payloads from low earth orbit to higher energy orbits such as GTO or to escape velocity for planetary probes. The candidates were the Centaur, propelled by liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, the Transtage, propelled by hypergolic storable propellants Aerozine-50 and N2O4, and the Interim Upper Stage, using solid propellant. The DOD reported that Transtage could support all defense needs, but could not meet NASA's scientific requirements, the IUS could support most defense needs and some science missions, while the Centaur could meet all needs of both the Air Force and NASA. Development began on both the Centaur and the IUS, and a second stage was added to the IUS design which could be used either as an apogee-kick motor for inserting payloads directly into geostationary orbit or to increase the payload mass brought to escape velocity. Development of the Shuttle-Centaur was halted after the Challenger disaster, and the Interim Upper Stage became the Inertial Upper Stage. When launched from the Space Shuttle, IUS could deliver up directly to GEO or up to to GTO.〔 The first launch of the IUS was in 1982 on a Titan 34D rocket from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station shortly before the STS-6 Space Shuttle mission.〔http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/library/report/1994/cape/cape2-6.htm〕 Boeing was the primary contractor for the IUS〔http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/systems/t4-config-2b.htm〕 while Chemical Systems Division of United Technologies built the IUS solid rocket motors.〔http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/carriers.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Inertial Upper Stage」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|